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Rational® Functional Tester
Test Author Guide
This guide describes how to create test scripts and enhances them by applying different test elements such as dataset, variables, and verification points.
Testing in the Functional Test perspective
When you develop Java, HTML, or Terminal-based applications, you can use IBM® Rational® Functional Tester to create traditional functional tests for these applications. You must first record the tests and then use Rational Functional Tester to run the tests before you can view the test results.
Working with functional test scripts (Windows-only)
This section describes the process of creating functional test scripts to test your applications.
Working with application visuals
Application visuals are snapshots of the controls or screens of the test application that are captured while recording scripts. The visuals of the test application are captured only if both the simplified scripting and the application visuals feature preferences are enabled.

Rational® Functional Tester
- Release Notes
  This document contains information about what's new, installation instructions, known problems in and contact information of IBM Customer Support.
- System Requirements
  This document includes information about hardware and software requirements for IBM® Rational® Functional Tester.
- Getting Started Guide
  This guide provides an overview of Rational® Functional Tester. You can find the task flows to get you started with Rational Functional Tester. This guide is intended for new users.
- Tutorials
  This section contains the tutorials which explains the main features of Rational® Functional Tester.
- Samples
  This section describes about the sample project which can be used with Rational® Functional Tester to test the functionality of an application.
- Administrator Guide
  This guide describes how to install IBM® Rational® Functional Tester software. After you install the software, you can perform administration tasks such as license configuration and integration with other products. This guide is intended for administrators.
- Test Author Guide
  This guide describes how to create test scripts and enhances them by applying different test elements such as dataset, variables, and verification points.
  - Testing in the UI Test perspective
    When you develop web applications, Windows-based applications, or mobile applications, you can use IBM® Rational® Functional Tester to create functional tests for these applications. You must first record the tests and then use Rational Functional Tester to run the tests before you can view the test results.
  - Testing in the Functional Test perspective
    When you develop Java, HTML, or Terminal-based applications, you can use IBM® Rational® Functional Tester to create traditional functional tests for these applications. You must first record the tests and then use Rational Functional Tester to run the tests before you can view the test results.
    - Preparing the functional test environment
      This section describes the tasks you must perform to configure the functional test environment.
    - Managing functional test projects
      A functional test project stores application test assets such as scripts, object maps, verification point baseline files, and script templates. You must create a functional test project before you can record scripts.
    - Working with functional test scripts (Windows-only)
      This section describes the process of creating functional test scripts to test your applications.
      - Simplified scripting
        Simplified test scripts are functional test scripts in the form of simple English statements that are easy to understand and edit. This feature is enabled by default in the Rational® Functional Tester Preferences window.
      - Enabling simplified scripting
        Simplified scripts are functional test scripts in the form of simple English statements that are easy to understand and edit. When you record actions on the test application using the recorder, the functional test script is generated and displayed as a simplified test script in the Script editor.
      - Creating a simplified test script
        Use the recording feature of Rational® Functional Tester, to record actions on the test applications. The actions on the test applications are generated in the form of a simplified test script when you stop recording. The generated simplified test script is displayed in the simplified Script editor in Rational Functional Tester. You can also view the corresponding Java™ code of the recorded test script in the Java script editor.
      - Editing a simplified script
        You can edit a test line in the script editor and also modify the test line properties, such as the control actions in the Properties View.
      - Inserting conditional statements
        You can insert conditional statements to verify the values of the variables in the script and perform actions in the application.
      - Specifying the playback options for a simplified script
        You can set the wait time for a control to be displayed or pause an execution of a test line for a simplified script.
      - Handling exceptions during script playback
        If an exception occurs during script playback, you can specify how Rational® Functional Tester handles these exceptions.
      - Specifying the log details for a test script
        You can specify the message to be displayed in the log for a test line that has run. You can also specify the type of screen capture that must be taken during playback and displayed in the log so that you can view the state of the control or the screen in the test application.
      - Deleting a test line
        You can delete a test line from a script in the script editor. The application visual that is captured and displayed while recording the test script is not deleted from the Application view.
      - Working with application visuals
        Application visuals are snapshots of the controls or screens of the test application that are captured while recording scripts. The visuals of the test application are captured only if both the simplified scripting and the application visuals feature preferences are enabled.
        Enabling application visuals
        You can enable the application visuals feature so that Rational® Functional Tester captures the application controls and their properties during recording. You can also specify whether the verification points or data-driven command feature in the application visuals must be enabled so that you can insert those elements into the script using the application visuals without opening the test application.
        Inserting an application control into the script by using an application visual
        You can modify a test script to test additional application controls by inserting controls into the script by using an application visual.
        Updating the application visuals in the Application view
        The application visuals are captured when you record simplified scripts. If the test application is changed after you record the script, you can update the current application visuals with updated visuals from the test application.
      - Switching to Java scripting
        You can switch to Java scripting to insert Java code to perform additional operations such as extending an API or functions that cannot be performed directly in the simplified script editor. To use both the simplified script and Java scripting, you must use the Insert Java Code Snippet or Insert Java Method feature that is available in the simplified script editor and switch to Java scripting. If you modify the Java script directly without using these features, the Java script changes are lost and the simplified script runs during playback.
      - Exporting a simplified script
        You can export the simplified scripts in a .txt, .xml or .html format so that the script can be viewed outside Rational® Functional Tester.
      - Java scripting
        When you record a functional test script to test an application, simplified scripts are generated and displayed in the Script editor. The corresponding Java test script is displayed in the Java editor.
      - Recording a Java™ test script
        Java™ scripts are generated when you work with the simplified scripts. You can switch to Java scripting using the Insert Java snippet and Insert Java module features in the simplified script editor.
      - Creating a new test script without recording
        As an alternative to recording, you can create a script to enter Java™ code manually.
      - Recording in an existing script
        In a functional test script, you can start recording at the cursor location. By starting to record in a script, you can start applications, insert verification points, and add script support functions.
      - Recording scripts to test HTML applications
        Record scripts to test HTML applications on a single browser as you record any functional test script.
      - Recording cross-browser and cross-platform scripts
        This topic provides an overview of the procedures to set up your environment to record cross-browser scripts.
      - Displaying test object information
        You use the Test Object Inspector to examine graphical components visible in the running application and display information about those objects, such as parent hierarchy, inheritance hierarchy, test object properties, non value properties, and method information.
      - Getting a property value
        You can get a single property value for the selected object while you are recording. It puts a getProperty into your script and returns the value during playback.
      - Setting a wait state for an object
        This feature is used to set a wait state for an object during playback to check for its existence. This is useful when waiting for an object right after starting your application, or after other actions that may take a long time.
      - Recording and playing back double byte characters on Chinese systems
        The following information pertains to record and playback of DBCS on Chinese systems.
      - Changing the default script helper superclass
        By default, all Functional Test scripts extend the RationalTestScript class, and thereby inherit a number of methods (such as callScript). Advanced users may want to create their own helper superclass which extends RationalTestScript and can add additional methods or override the methods from RationalTestScript.
      - Using script services
        The Script Support Functions dialog box contains tabs that enable you to insert code into the current Functional Test script to perform a variety of tasks, such as inserting a callScript command, a log message. a timer, a sleep command, or a comment into a Functional Test script.
      - Starting your test applications
        When recording tests on your application, it is best to have Rational® Functional Tester start the application during recording. This makes playing back the tests more reliable because the application configuration information is used. Rational Functional Tester can open specified Java applications, HTML pages in your browser, or run executable applications.
      - Renaming a test asset
        You can rename simplified test scripts, Java test scripts, test object maps, or other files in a project.
      - Saving test scripts and files
        You can save a functional test script or file in several ways: save the current test script or file, save all test scripts and files, save a functional test script or file with another name in a different location.
      - Deleting a functional test script
        You can delete a functional test script from the Projects view or the Solution Explorer. Use caution, however; deleting a script that is not under ClearCase® source control or a script in a ClearCase dynamic view cannot be undone.
      - Tips for recording functional tests
        Following are some tips on ways around some potential recording issues.
      - Recording a script
        To start recording scripts against your applications, you must first configure your test environments, configure your applications, and create a project. Under certain conditions, you can start recording scripts without preparing your functional test environment.
    - Working with verification points
      Verification points verify that a certain action has taken place, or verify the state of a control or an object. When you create a verification point, you are capturing information about a control or an object in the application to establish this as baseline information for comparison during playback.
    - Driving functional tests with external data
      This section describes techniques you can use to data-drive functional tests with external data.
    - Managing functional test assets
      You can integrate Rational® Functional Tester with IBM® Rational ClearCase® or Rational Team Concert™ and manage functional test assets using any of these source control management tools.
    - Testing terminal-based applications
      Use the Rational® Functional Tester Terminal-based Applications feature to create test scripts and automate your host-application test cases. You can test host attributes, host field attributes, and screen-flow through a host application. It uses terminal verification points and properties, as well as synchronization code to identify the readiness of terminal for user input.
    - Troubleshooting issues
      You can find information about the issues or problems that you might encounter while working with the Functional Test perspective in Rational® Functional Tester. Details about issues, their causes and the resolutions that you can apply to fix the issues are described.
  - Extending the UI Test perspective with custom code
    You can use custom code to extend the default Web UI testing capabilities. You can write custom Java™ code and call the code from the test. You can also specify that results from the tests that are affected by your custom code to be included in reports.
  - Extending the Functional Test perspective
    You can use custom code to extend the default functional testing capabilities. You can write custom code and call the code from the test. You can also specify that results from the tests that are affected by your custom code to be included in reports.
  - Experimental Features
    Rational® Functional Tester contains a set of pre-releases that enable you to test various experimental features. These experimental features, while still in progress, are introduced early in the release to seek your feedback on its overall functionality and performance. You can play around with these capabilities before they are made available and supported as a general feature in an upcoming release.
- Test Execution Specialist Guide
  This guide describes how to automate the playback of the tests by using different methods such as Docker, IBM® Cloud Private, Jenkins and so on. The test results can be pushed to Rational® Test Control Panel.
- Test Manager Guide
  This guide describes how to keep track of the performance of the application by evaluating the test results. Following topics cover how you can work with the test results.
- Troubleshooting
  This guide describes how to analyze and resolve some of the common problems that you might encounter while you work with Rational® Functional Tester.
- Reference Guide
  This guide describes the additional topics to gain more knowledge about Rational® Functional Tester.
- All Guides (PDF)
  You can find the link to view or download the content of the release notes, system requirements, and persona guides of IBM® Rational® Functional Tester as a PDF file.
- Security Considerations
  You can take certain actions to ensure that your installation is secure, customize your security settings, and set up user access controls.
- Notices
  This document provides information about copyright, trademarks, terms and conditions for the product documentation.

Working with application visuals

Application visuals are snapshots of the controls or screens of the test application that are captured while recording scripts. The visuals of the test application are captured only if both the simplified scripting and the application visuals feature preferences are enabled.

Application visuals provide a quick way to view application controls and also modify the script without opening the test application.

Using the application visuals, you can modify the test script to test additional application controls, create or edit verification points, or insert data-driven commands into the script without opening the application under test.

Note: The application visuals feature works only with JRE version 1.4 and above.